Who won?
The same as in any modern war, the munitions and arms companies.
Modern! You do know when the Somme was don't you? 
I'm classing modern as anything from the 20th century onwards Darwin.
Modern war. The first world war had most of the bells & whistles.
Tanks, machine guns, air power, chemical weapons, propaganda, radio, submarines, mines, torpedoes etc.
No nukes but otherwise they checked most of the boxes. They just had the dubious honour of being the first with many of these new toys.
